Prozac (fluoxetine) is a widely used SSRI for treating depression by increasing serotonin levels to improve mood. It’s also FDA-approved for conditions like panic disorder, social anxiety, and OCD.
If you’re struggling with your mental health, speak to an online healthcare provider on Klarity Health and find out if Prozac or another medication is right for you.
Providers on Klarity Health are independent practitioners with clinical autonomy; a diagnosis, treatment, or prescription is not guaranteed.
Providers on Klarity Health are independent practitioners with clinical autonomy; a diagnosis, treatment, or prescription is not guaranteed.
Prozac is the brand name for fluoxetine, which is also the name for generic Prozac. It’s a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to manage symptoms caused by a range of mental health conditions. It was the first SSRI approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1987 to treat major depressive disorder (MDD). In 1992, it was approved for the treatment of panic disorder, a type of anxiety disorder. Generic fluoxetine (or fluoxetine hydrochloride) was approved in 2002. And a delayed-release capsule taken once a week was FDA-approved to treat MDD in 2001.
Today, Prozac and fluoxetine are used for managing depression, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and bulimia nervosa (both approved in 1994). Prozac is available as a capsule. Generic fluoxetine comes as a tablet, capsule, liquid solution, and delayed-release capsule. Prozac and fluoxetine are also prescribed off-label, meaning for something it’s not FDA-approved for, for conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), borderline personality disorder (BPD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), chronic pain, and impulse control disorder (ICD).
Prozac works by preventing the reabsorption (reuptake) of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter responsible for mood regulation, emotional responses, anxiety levels, sleep, appetite, and regulating body temperature. By maintaining higher levels of serotonin, Prozac helps stabilize mood, alleviate anxiety, and reduce the intensity of symptoms associated with conditions like OCD and panic disorder.
A meta-analysis found that compared to treatment with a placebo, fluoxetine resulted in a 15 to 20% improvement in depressive symptoms.
Prozac’s effects usually become noticeable within 2 to 4 weeks. But it may take as long as 8 weeks before you feel its full benefits.
Prozac is FDA-approved for the acute and maintenance treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessions and compulsions in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), binge-eating and vomiting behaviors in patients with moderate to severe bulimia nervosa, and panic disorder with or without agoraphobia (the intense fear or avoidance of situations where someone feels like they can’t escape or get help).
Off-label, healthcare providers may recommend Prozac for people experiencing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), borderline personality disorder (BPD), or premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
To take Prozac, you need a prescription. Only licensed online doctors and healthcare providers can prescribe Prozac online, including nurse practitioners (NPs) and psychiatric mental-health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), physician assistants/associates (PAs), medical doctors and psychiatrists (MDs). These providers can evaluate your symptoms and determine if Prozac or another medication is a medically necessary part of a treatment plan for you.
You can connect with a board-certified, licensed provider on Klarity Health to discuss mental health care options, which may include a medication such as Prozac. If Prozac is right for you, your provider can send it to your preferred local or online pharmacy.
Some states have regulations requiring at least one in-person visit before a provider can prescribe medication. To learn about the specific requirements in your state, visit the Center for Connected Health Policy’s website.
Prozac and generic fluoxetine capsules come in 10-, 20-, and 40-milligrams strengths. Fluoxetine tablets come in 10- and 20-milligrams strengths. The delayed-release fluoxetine capsule comes in a 90-milligram strength. The liquid fluoxetine solution comes in a 20 milligrams/5 milliliters dose in a 100-milliliter bottle.
Capsules, available in higher doses, may be preferable to the lower-dose tablet in some cases. Additionally, if you have trouble swallowing a tablet or capsule, your provider may recommend the oral solution.
The starting dose for managing PMDD, OCD, MDD, or generalized anxiety in adults taking immediate-release Prozac or fluoxetine is 20 milligrams taken in the morning. The starting dose for bulimia nervosa is 60 milligrams daily. The starting dose for panic disorder is 10 milligrams daily for one week, increased to 20 milligrams daily. The maximum recommended dose for any condition is 80 milligrams split into doses taken in the morning and at noon. Delayed-release fluoxetine is taken once a week and shouldn’t be started for 7 days after your last 20-milligram dose of immediate-release fluoxetine if you’re switching.
Take fluoxetine or Prozac orally in the morning with or without food. If symptoms don’t improve with a daily dose of 20 milligrams, your doctor may gradually increase your dose. Daily doses over 20 milligrams should be divided by taking 1 dose in the morning and the other dose at noon.
If you need to stop Prozac, your doctor or provider will have you gradually decrease your dose. Stopping Prozac suddenly can lead to withdrawal symptoms that include dysphoric mood, irritability, agitation, dizziness, sensory disturbances, anxiety, confusion, headache, lethargy, emotional lability, insomnia, and hypomania.
Common side effects of fluoxetine and Prozac include unusual dreams, sexual problems, loss of appetite, diarrhea, indigestion, nausea or vomiting, weakness, dry mouth, flu symptoms, feeling tired or fatigued, change in sleep habits, yawning, sinus infection or sore throat, tremor or shaking, sweating, feeling anxious or nervous, hot flashes, yawning, and rash. Some of these symptoms may improve after a couple of weeks of taking it.
Serious side effects, such as worsening depression, suicidal thoughts, or serotonin syndrome, a life-threatening condition where there is an excessive amount of serotonin in the body, allergic reactions and rash, seizures, altered appetite and weight, abnormal bleeding, angle closure glaucoma, hyponatremia, anxiety and insomnia, sexual dysfunction, or QT prolongation (a heart rhythm abnormality) require immediate medical attention. Delayed-release capsules may have additional side effects.
Prozac also has an FDA-boxed warning for increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in children, adolescents, and young adults.
Prozac may have drug interactions with prescription meds like monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), blood thinners, other antidepressants, over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), central nervous system (CNS) acting drugs, serotonergic drugs, pimozide, thioridazine, drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 (such as citalopram or codeine), and others.
It may be unsuitable for individuals with certain medical conditions, like a history of seizures or bipolar disorder or those who are pregnant or breastfeeding, to take Prozac. And Prozac isn’t recommended for individuals with severe liver or kidney impairment due to the risk of serious interactions.
If you take Prozac or fluoxetine and have any side effects, work with your provider and consider reporting negative side effects to the FDA by visiting MedWatch or calling 1-800-FDA-1088.
According to drugs.com, with its discount, the cost of Prozac is:
Oral capsules
• 10 milligrams $1,490.53 for 100 capsules
• 20 milligrams $466.21 for 30 capsules
• 40 milligrams $802.90 for 30 capsules
According to drugs.com, with its discount, the cost of fluoxetine is:
30 oral capsules
• 10 milligrams $11.31
• 20 milligrams $11.53
• 40 milligrams $12.31
4 oral delayed-release capsules
• 90 milligrams $119.02
100 milliliters oral solution
• 20 mg/5 mL $26.63
30 oral tablets
• 60 milligrams $113.50
You can use a prescription or drug discount card from SingleCare Rx, NeedyMeds, drugs.com, GoodRx, WellRx, or others to save up to 80% whether you have insurance or not.
Prozac is often compared to other SSRIs, including Zoloft (sertraline), Lexapro (escitalopram), and Celexa (citalopram). While all are FDA-approved for anxiety and depression, they have slightly different side effects and can have varying levels of effectiveness. In 1 comparison study, fluoxetine was found less effective than sertraline for depression. But another study of individuals with MDD reported that fluoxetine had the highest symptom improvement rate compared to sertraline and escitalopram.
SSRIs are the first-line treatment for anxiety disorders. They take longer to work than other medications, like benzodiazepines (Xanax, Valium, etc.). But the increased risk of abuse of benzodiazepines can make SSRIs a better option for long-term anxiety management.
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) and norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs) are other common alternatives to SSRIs for depression. They work to increase levels of other neurotransmitters, norepinephrine, and dopamine, along with serotonin. SNRIs, such as Effexor (venlafaxine) and Cymbalta (duloxetine), may also be effective, particularly for individuals with both anxiety and depression.
Wellbutrin (bupropion), an NDRI, is primarily used for depression. Like SSRIs, NDRIs generally take longer to take effect than benzodiazepines but don’t carry the same risk of dependence.
Zoloft, Lexapro, Celexa, benzodiazepines, Effexor, Cymbalta, and Wellbutrin can cause side effects, some of which may be serious. Possible side effects include but are not limited to, nausea, dizziness, dry mouth, fatigue, insomnia, sweating, headache, and weight changes.
The best way to find out which mental health medication is best for you, if any, is to talk to a licensed healthcare provider who specializes in depression treatment or treatment for anxiety or another condition and who can help you find one that works for you.
Reviews from real patients who received treatment from healthcare providers on Klarity Health.
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*Appointments are generally available within 24 hours. Free initial consultations are available only with select providers. Prescriptions, particularly for controlled substances, may require an in-person evaluation depending on the state of residence and current federal regulations.
The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice. Controlled substances may not be appropriate for all patients and any mention of these medications is for educational purposes only, not for marketing or encouraging self-diagnosis. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional with any questions or concerns you have regarding your health. Providers on Klarity Health are independent practitioners with clinical autonomy. Nothing in this article is intended to diagnose or treat any condition, including guaranteeing prescription medication of any kind or dosage. Not all providers on Klarity Health prescribe all medications, particularly medications that are controlled substances.
If you’re having a mental health crisis or experiencing a psychiatric emergency, it’s crucial to seek immediate help from a mental healthcare professional, such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or therapist. You can also call your local emergency services, visit your nearest emergency room, or contact a crisis hotline, such as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline, by calling or texting 988 or dialing the Lifeline’s previous phone number, 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255) in the U.S.