Doxepin is a prescription sleep medication that treats insomnia for people who struggle to stay asleep. Clinical studies show that nightly use of doxepin for 5 weeks helped people with chronic insomnia sleep through the night better.
Could doxepin ease your sleep troubles? Connect with an insomnia specialist on Klarity Health to find out.
Providers on Klarity Health are independent practitioners with clinical autonomy; a diagnosis, treatment, or prescription is not guaranteed.
Providers on Klarity Health are independent practitioners with clinical autonomy; a diagnosis, treatment, or prescription is not guaranteed.
Doxepin is an oral prescription medication primarily used to treat chronic insomnia characterized by trouble staying asleep. It’s available as a generic as well as under the brand name Silenor. While doxepin won’t necessarily help you fall asleep faster, it helps you sleep more consistently throughout the night.
Doxepin belongs to a class of medications called tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the lower-dose tablet form of doxepin as Silenor for treating insomnia in adults in 2010. A capsule form of doxepin (doxepin hydrochloride) is also available in higher doses to treat depression and anxiety. This page focuses on the tablet form that’s FDA-approved for sleep.
Doxepin is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). TCAs work by increasing the levels of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine in your brain. Doxepin also blocks histamine receptors in the brain. Histamine is a chemical involved in wakefulness, so by suppressing its activity, doxepin has a sedating effect that helps you stay asleep longer.
Clinical trials found that doxepin can improve total sleep time and reduce nighttime awakenings. It’s particularly effective for people who wake up in the middle of the night and have difficulty getting back to sleep.
In clinical studies, doxepin significantly improved 3 key issues that plague people with insomnia:
People taking doxepin may get 26 to 32 more minutes of sleep per night, according to research. They also spend significantly less time tossing and turning in the middle of the night. According to an analysis by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, the amount of time people spend awake in bed after falling asleep drops by an average of 22 minutes on doxepin. People taking doxepin report better sleep quality overall, as well.
Doxepin is especially effective at keeping people asleep in the early morning hours. Taking doxepin nightly for 5 weeks significantly reduced early morning awakenings in a study of adults with chronic insomnia. It also improved their ability to sleep through the night. Other studies show that doxepin can be effective at treating transient insomnia (short-term sleep problems) and for helping people sleep better the first night they take it.
It’s worth noting that doxepin is effective at helping you stay asleep (sleep maintenance), but isn’t used to help people fall asleep in the first place (sleep onset). If your insomnia is characterized more by difficulty falling asleep versus staying asleep, another sleep medication may work better.
Doxepin is FDA-approved for adults experiencing chronic insomnia, particularly adults who have trouble staying asleep through the night, also known as sleep maintenance insomnia. It’s generally considered safe for long-term use under the guidance of a healthcare provider. It may not though be suitable for everyone.
Doxepin isn’t recommended for:
• Children under 18 years old
• Individuals with untreated glaucoma, severe urinary retention, or severe sleep apnea
A healthcare provider can determine if doxepin is right for you.
To get a doxepin prescription online, you need a telehealth appointment with a licensed healthcare provider, such as a nurse practitioner (NP), physician assistant/associate (PA), or medical doctor (MD). You can find one of these providers on Klarity Health, including many who specialize in insomnia treatment. Many even have appointments available in as little as 24 hours.*
During your telehealth appointment, your provider will ask about your sleep problems and insomnia symptoms. They’ll want to review your medical history and your current medications and supplements, so they can determine if doxepin will be a safe, effective, medically necessary insomnia treatment for you.
If they decide that it is, they’ll send a doxepin prescription directly to your preferred pharmacy. Then you can pick up your doxepin prescription in person or have it shipped to your home.
Note, in some states, a provider is required to see you at least one time in person before they can prescribe medication. Check the Center for Connected Health Policy site for your state’s requirements.
Learn more about how to get insomnia treatment online.
Doxepin dosages for sleep come in 3- and 6-milligram tablets. The recommended dose is 6 milligrams daily for adults ages 18 to 64 and 3 milligrams a day for adults 65 and older.
Take your dose 30 minutes before bed, ideally at least 3 hours after you last ate. You want to take doxepin, get ready for bed, and start trying to fall asleep. It’s important to take doxepin when you have enough time to get a full night’s sleep.
Doxepin shouldn’t be taken with food or immediately after a meal, so you don’t feel sleepy the next day. You shouldn’t mix doxepin with alcohol or other medications that make you feel sleepy or dizzy, to avoid making your sleepiness or dizziness worse. You also don’t want to drive or operate heavy machinery after taking doxepin. Avoid doing these activities until you feel fully awake the next day.
If you miss a dose of doxepin, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Don’t take an extra dose to make up for the missed dose.
Store doxepin at room temperature in a tightly closed container away from light. Safely dispose of doxepin once it’s expired or you no longer need it. And be sure to keep it out of reach of children and pets.
The most common side effects of doxepin for sleep include sedation, nausea, high blood pressure, and symptoms associated with upper respiratory tract infections or the common cold, such as runny nose, cough, sneezing, and sore throat.
Potentially serious side effects can occur when taking sleep medications like doxepin. These include:
The risk of experiencing serious adverse effects on doxepin is higher if it’s used with other sedating antihistamines, such as over-the-counter Benadryl (diphenhydramine), or central nervous system (CNS) depressants, such as benzodiazepines.
Doxepin is contraindicated in people with untreated narrow-angle glaucoma or urinary retention. It shouldn’t be used by people with severe sleep apnea or anyone who’s pregnant or breastfeeding. And people with liver impairment shouldn’t take more than 3 milligrams a day. Doxepin can interact with alcohol and certain medications, including:
Inform your healthcare provider before starting doxepin if you have a history of depression or if you take any of these medications. Your healthcare provider may recommend adjusting your dosage of doxepin or a different insomnia treatment that’s more appropriate for you. People who take MAOIs, for example, should stop taking them for at least 2 weeks before starting doxepin.
If you take doxepin for sleep and have any side effects, work with your provider and consider reporting negative side effects to the FDA by visiting MedWatch or calling 1-800-FDA-1088.
Generic doxepin is widely available and more affordable than brand-name Silenor. Without insurance, the cost of generic doxepin is $96.75 for a 30-day supply, according to drugs.com and with its discount. For brand-name Silenor, the cost of a 30-day supply is $571.76, according to drugs.com and with its discount.
If you have insurance that covers doxepin, you’ll pay less. You may also be eligible for the Silenor savings card from Currax Pharmaceuticals, in which case you may be able to get Silenor completely free. Many pharmacies accept discount cards from websites like GoodRx, SingleCare Rx, WellRx, NeedyMeds, and drugs.com, which can also help you save on doxepin.
If you can’t sleep at night, even when you’re tired, doxepin could be a good option for you. Low-dose doxepin is particularly effective for maintaining sleep throughout the night, and it’s less likely to cause next-day grogginess than some other sleep medications.
Other insomnia medications, such as Ambien (zolpidem), are generally considered more effective. And some medications may be more effective if you have trouble falling asleep versus staying asleep, such as Rozerem (ramelteon). Some sleep medications can help with both types of insomnia, including Ambien, Belsomra (suvorexant), and Quviviq (daridorexant).
Ambien, Rozerem, Belsomra, and Quiviviq are all FDA-approved to treat insomnia. All have side effects that may include, but aren’t limited to, drowsiness, dizziness, headache, nausea, and fatigue. Ambien has an FDA-boxed warning for complex sleep behaviors that can include walking, driving, talking, eating, and other activities while asleep that may result in injury or death.
There are also off-label options for the treatment of insomnia. Trazodone, for one, is an antidepressant that’s sometimes prescribed off-label for sleep. It can be effective but it carries a higher risk of side effects than doxepin, including a boxed warning for suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
The best way to find out which insomnia medication is best for you, if any, is to talk to an insomnia specialist.
Reviews from real patients who received treatment from healthcare providers on Klarity Health.
Providers on Klarity Health are licensed and board-certified. They offer a personalized approach to your unique medical needs. See a detailed profile and services for each provider and find the one best suited for your needs. Providers run their own private practice, and their service options can vary and tailor to your unique needs.
Your journey to better sleep starts with an initial appointment. Your provider will go over your goals and medical history to recommend a treatment plan that’s right for you. Your plan may or may not include prescription medication.
After your initial appointment, you and your provider stay connected to make sure you’re doing okay and reaching your goals. You stay on track with follow-up appointments, medication refills, and ongoing support from your provider. You’re encouraged to regularly check in with your providers.
If you have questions or need assistance, the Klarity Health Patient Support team is here to help. Along with your provider, they’re committed to making sure you have the best care and support possible.
*Appointments are generally available within 24 hours. Free initial consultations are available only with select providers. Prescriptions, particularly for controlled substances, may require an in-person evaluation depending on the state of residence and current federal regulations.
The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice. Controlled substances may not be appropriate for all patients and any mention of these medications is for educational purposes only, not for marketing or encouraging self-diagnosis. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional with any questions or concerns you have regarding your health. Providers on Klarity Health are independent practitioners with clinical autonomy. Nothing in this article is intended to diagnose or treat any condition, including guaranteeing prescription medication of any kind or dosage. Not all providers on Klarity Health prescribe all medications, particularly medications that are controlled substances.
If you’re having a mental health crisis or experiencing a psychiatric emergency, it’s crucial to seek immediate help from a mental healthcare professional, such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or therapist. You can also call your local emergency services, visit your nearest emergency room, or contact a crisis hotline, such as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline, by calling or teTrazodoneting 988 or dialing the Lifeline’s previous phone number, 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255) in the U.S.